Trinity River National Wildlife Refuge | |||
P.O. Box 10015 1351 N. Main Liberty, TX 77575 E-mail: fws2_rw_trinityriver@fws.go Phone Number: 936-336-9786 | |||
Visit the Refuge’s Web Site: http://southwest.fws.gov/refuges/texas/trinityriver | Anders Pond is one of the bottomland hardwood areas found at Trinity River NWR. | ||
Trinity River National Wildlife Refuge Trinity River National Wildlife Refuge was established on January 4, 1994 with an initial purchase of 4,400 acres. Since that time, the refuge has acquired additional acreage which now totals 25,000 acres. The primary purpose of establishing this refuge is to protect a portion of the bottomland hardwood forest ecosystem along the Trinity River located in southeastern Texas. The refuge, which is a remnant of what was once a much larger natural area is a broad flat floodplain made up of numerous sloughs, oxbow lakes, artesian wells, and tributaries.
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The Trinity River floodplain contains a diversity of wetland habitats including bottomland hardwood forests, forested swamps, open water and wet pastures. Upland areas outside the floodplain contain cultivated pastures, natural pine forests, and mixed pine-hardwood forests. The refuge provides important breeding, wintering, and stopover habitat for a variety of migratory wildlife including waterfowl and numerous neotropical songbirds. More than 275 species of birds occur in the bottomland forests and associated wetlands in eastern Texas and 100 bird species are known to breed there. It has been documented that Trinity River NWR contains over 630 plant species and over 400 vertebrate species.
The Trinity River is within the heartland of the Caddo Indian Tribe. Archeological sites near the Refuge point to sedentary and long-term occupation of the area by ancestral Caddo people. The Caddo in this area were part of the great mound-building culture of east Texas and adjoining forested lands, a society with a high artistic and architectural tradition which dominated the region for 1,000 years. Lands within the Trinity River Refuge were later a peripheral part of the 1857 Mexican settlement of Atascosito.
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The refuge plays host to the Rafinesque’s big-eared bat, a state-threatened species. These cavity roosting bats require hollow trees to survive cold in the winter and raise their pups in the early summer. Older tupelo and cypress trees found on the refuge provide at least 10 known roosting sites in the relatively young forest, however the approximately 100 bats spend most of their time in artificial roost structures shaped like towers provided by Bat Conservation International for the refuge. These towers are where the bats spend most of their time as the species waits for the forest to grow older and provide more hollow trees. Refuge staff takes advantage of the easy-to-access towers by regularly counting the bats, tagging, and radiotracking. The radiotracking efforts help study the maternity colony, allowing us to learn more about the little known habits of this rare and mysterious bat.
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